Journal of Business Research—Volume 166, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114109
International entrepreneurship in Africa: The roles of institutional voids, entrepreneurial networks and gender.
Emilio Pindado, Silverio Alarcón, Mercedes Sánchez, Marian García Martínez
This paper explored how institutional voids (market-unfriendly regulations and corruption) in the home country affect the internationalization degree of early-stage entrepreneurs in Africa. We examined the contingent roles of entrepreneurial networks and gender in the relationship between these institutional voids and entrepreneurs’ internationalization degree. We used 2003–2017 GEM data from 17 African countries and applied multilevel-ordered logistic models. Our analysis revealed that market-unfriendly regulations have a negative effect on the entrepreneurs’ internationalization degree and that corruption, in line with the escapism view, has a positive effect. Our results indicated that entrepreneurs engage in networking bricolage to internationalize their ventures and overcome context limitations. They also suggested that the internationalization degree of female entrepreneurs increases in market-unfriendly regulatory environments. Finally, our results showed that the ‘escapism effect’ of corruption is greater for female entrepreneurs; however, for female entrepreneurs with medium and large internationalization degrees, this context imposes additional constraints on them.
Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal—Volume 17 (Issue 1), pp. 61-94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1450
Cross-cultural implications of linguistic future time reference and institutional uncertainty on social entrepreneurship
Diana M. Hechavarría, Steven A. Brieger, Ludvig Levasseur, Siri A. Terjesen
Using a sample of 205,792 individuals in 70 countries with 39 languages, this paper presents novel empirical evidence for how a language’s future time reference, defined as the requirement that speakers mark time in the future, affects a speaker’s likelihood of engaging in social entrepreneurship. FTR subtly shapes a speaker’s temporal orientation, such that speaking a futured language (i.e., strong FTR) favors a short-term orientation which positively affects the likelihood of being a social entrepreneur. Furthermore, institutional uncertainty arising from weakly entrenched institutions moderates this relationship. Individuals who speak futured languages in contexts characterized by regulatory institutional uncertainty (weak rule of law, weak property rights, and strong corruption) are more likely to engage in social entrepreneurship. Theoretical and practical implications and future research directions are discussed.
Multinational Business Review—Volume 31 (Issue 2), pp. 220-241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MBR-10-2022-0161
Export duration and product innovations: Do born globals learn by exporting differently?
Sui, S., Baum, M., Li.D.
This paper aims to study the learning-by-exporting effect among small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Specifically, the authors propose a dynamic perspective and suggest that learning-by-exporting is duration-dependent and contingent upon the born global internationalization strategy. In earlier phases of export activities, exporting has had a strong positive effect on SMEs’ innovations, which, however, diminishes over time. This inverted U-shape effect is even more distinct for born global firms.The authors used longitudinal data with 1,689 Canadian SMEs to test their hypotheses. A two-stage instrumental approach is used to take into account the endogeneity of the born global international strategy on new product innovations. Born globals learn faster at the early stages of exporting but also restrain their innovations more strongly than gradual internationalizers in the longer run, leveling out the initial learning advantages of newness. Thus, this study suggests that born globals have a significantly different learning trajectory than gradual internationalizers.